Penerjemahan Berbantuan Komputer - Definisi Penerjemahan

1.      Definisi Penerjemahan

Seperti halnya ilmu-ilmu lain, di dalam bidang penerjemahan ditemukan banyak definisi. Berbagai definisi tersebut mencerminkan pandangan ahli yang membuat definsi tentang hakikat terjemahan dan proses penerjemahan.

Definisi pertama berasal dari Catford. Ia menulis:

(Translation is) the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language (Catford, 1965:20).

Mungkin Anda sedikit bertanya-tanya karena di dalam definisi tersebut tidak ditemukan konsep tentang makna. Sementara, secara garis besar terjemahan tidak bisa dipisahkan dari persoalan makna atau gagasan.

Ungkapan tentang hakikat penerjemahan yang menyentuh konsep makna diungkapkan oleh Savory (1968):

Translation is made possible by an equivalent of thought that lies behind its different verbal expressions.

Savory tidak lebih jauh lagi menyebut hal-hal yang operasional atau terkait dengan proses.

Proses penerjemahan disajikan secara lebih jelas oleh Nida dan Taber (1969). Mereka menyatakan:

Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.

Dalam bukunya Translation: Applications and Research, Brislin (1976) memberi batasan yang luas pada istilah penerjemahan. Bagi dia penerjemahan adalah pengalihan buah pikiran atau gagasan dari satu bahasa ke dalam bahasa lain. Kedua bahasa ini bisa serumpun, seperti bahasa Sunda dan Jawa, bisa dari lain rumpun, seperti bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia, atau bahkan bahasa yang sama tetapi dipakai pada kurun waktu yang berbeda, misalnya bahasa Jawa zaman Majapahit dan bahasa Jawa masa sekarang. Hanya saying dalam definisi ini tidak tersirat proses penerjamahan dan kriteria terjemahan yang baik.

1.      Definition of Translation

As the other sciences, there are many definitions in translation field. Those definitions reflect the expert’s view about the nature and process of translation.

The first definition come from Catford, He wrote:

(Translation is) the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language (Catford, 1965:20).

You might be wondering for no translation concept was found in definition above. Meanwhile, in generally translation can’t be separated from meaning or idea matter.

Expression of the essence of the translation that touch the concept of meaning is expressed by Savory (1968)

Translation is made possible by an equivalent of thought that lies behind its different verbal expressions.

Savory doesn’t mention any further about operational or any matter which related with process.

The translation process was explained more clearly by Nida and Taber (1969). They state:

Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.

In translation book: Application and Research, Brislin (1976) gives limitation about term of translation widely. According to his book, translation is switching a thought or an idea from one language to another language. Both languages can be come from the same tribe, such as Sundanese and Javanese language or from different tribe, such as English and Indonesian, or even from same language which was used in different era, for instance Javanese language in Majapahit era and in this era. Unfortunately, this definition is not state the process and good criterion of translation implicitly.

Penerjemahan Berbantuan Komputer

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